LESSON

03

Further Questions for Reading (교과서 pp.60-65)

Class    Name

Usain Bolt, the Jamaican sprinter, broke the world record for the 100-meter sprint in 2009, clocking a time of 9.58 seconds. Animals like the adult cheetah can run 100 meters in about six seconds. So what is the limit to how fast a human can run 100 meters?

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Sports scientists say that sprinters’ speed is influenced by how hard they hit the ground with their feet and by how many steps they take. Cheetahs do not hit the ground as hard as humans, but they can take twice as many steps as we do. This is why they can run fast.

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The problem for humans is that the harder they hit the ground, the more time they spend in the air, which makes their steps

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(A)   but  (B)  the number of steps they can take. Therefore, maximum running speed is attained when the combination of force applied to the ground and stride frequency is optimal.

Unfortunately, this combination also depends on the runner’s size, leg length, and other factors that vary among individuals. Many experts predict, however, that a human being could probably run the 100-meter sprint in just over nine seconds. Maybe future technology will help runners run even faster than they do today.

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※ 지문을 읽고, 다음 물음에 답하시오.

1 의 밑줄 친 질문에 대한 답을

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에서 찾아 쓰시오.

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A human can ___________________________________

___________________________________________________

2 문맥상 의 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에

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들어갈 말로 알맞은 것은?

① longer – increases

② longer – reduces

③ shorter – increases

④ shorter – reduces

3 이 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① 치타는 100미터를 달리는 데 약 6초 걸린다.

② 치타는 달릴 때 인간보다 두 배 많은 걸음을 내딛을 수 있다.

③ 인간의 달리기 속도에는 걸음 수가 가장 큰 영향을 끼친다.

④ 인간의 100미터 달리기 한계 기록은 9초 초반대로 예상된다.

“Hurry! Hurry up!” Two people with

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Further Questions for Reading

brooms furiously sweep the ice in front of a rock that slides across a sheet of ice. “Whoa!” The sweepers stop as the rock settles into the house. “Nice job!” All four players bump fists indicating success. Have you guessed the sport? It’s called curling.

One might expect that a curling

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stone sliding across the ice would continue in a straight line according to Newton’s first law of motion. However, the stone will begin to curl when it loses its speed even though it is three or four times as heavy as a bowling ball. This is why players have to ______________________________________

carefully, and they do this by sweeping.

By rubbing the ice with the broom, the sweepers are generating heat to reduce friction between the stone and the ice.

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(A) Although the house—the area where the curlers aim the stone—is often blocked by an opponent's stone, curling teams can actually guide one stone behind another, which is one of the major strategic elements to the game.

(B) This results in the stone going straighter and farther. If the sweepers stop, the stone begins to curl again.

(C) The precision with which the team can control the direction and speed of the stone is a major factor in the strategy of the game.

4 이 글의 컬링에 대한 설명으로 옳지 않은 것은?

① 한 팀은 4명으로 구성되어 있다.

② 컬링 스톤은 계속해서 똑바로 나아간다.

③ 컬링 스톤은 볼링공보다 3~4배 더 무겁다.

④ 브룸은 얼음에 빗질을 하는 데 쓰이는 도구이다.

5 이 글의 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 알맞은 것은?

① sweep the house

② make the stone curl

③ direct the stone's path

④ continue to move backward

6 에서 주어진 글의 순서로 알맞은

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것은?

① (A) – (C) – (B)

② (B) – (A) – (C)

③ (B) – (C) – (A)

④ (C) – (B) – (A)

Further Questions for Reading

The batter swings and hits a foul ball into the stands. You reach up with your glove and catch it as other spectators clap and cheer. You look at the baseball with its smooth leather covering and bright red stitches. Do the stitches serve a purpose other than to keep the leather covering over the ball?

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A typical baseball has 108 double

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hand stitches. They serve more than just a decorative function. The stitches on a baseball actually affect the flight of the ball. Without them, a pitcher couldn’t throw it as fast or as accurately.

When a round object like a ball is thrown, the front part of the ball hits the air, increasing the air pressure there while the air becomes thinner at the back of the ball, making the air pressure low. This difference in air pressure creates an unwanted effect called “drag” that literally drags the ball backward and slows it down. This is where the stitches come into play.

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The stitches more or less scoop

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the air and direct it inwards towards the back of the ball. This effectively increases the net air pressure at the back of the ball, which reduces the drag. Further, as a baseball is released, the pitcher can put spin on the ball. As the ball spins, the stitches help the ball to fly in the direction the pitcher intends.

7 이 글에 묘사된 야구공의 실밥의 기능이 아닌

것은?

① 시각적 효과

② 공의 속도 조절

③ 공의 방향 조절

④ 공의 항력 증가

8 에서 밑줄 친 말의 뜻으로 가장

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적절한 것은?

① run into something

② start to play their role

③ engage in recreation

④ move freely within limits

9 이 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① How to Sew Baseball Stitches

② 108 Stitches: Physics in Baseball

③ How Many Stitches Does A Baseball Have?

④ The History of the Stitches on A Baseball

Further Questions for Reading                             pp.164~166

1 run the 100-meter sprint in just over nine seconds

2 ②

3 ③

4 ②

5 ③

6 ②

7 ④

8 ②

9 ②

Lesson 3 Sports and Science Get Along

Answers