Paragraph 1

The need to explore new frontiers like the Arctic and the American West may have been sparked by curiosity, but a major
reason was to discover new resources.

Without new resources and
technology, the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century would not
have led to the rise of new industries and the growth of cities.

In the
late 20th century, the Information Technology Revolution connected
the world and transformed economies.

Now, it seems that space is the
latest frontier for entrepreneurs to explore.

Finding new resources
and exploring the unique environment are new opportunities for
those who dare to take up the challenge.

The need to explore new frontiers like the Arctic and the American West may have been sparked by curiosity, but a major reason was to discover new resources.

<may have+p.p.>는 ‘~했을 수도 있다’라는 뜻으로, 과거의 가능성과 추측을 나타낸다.

Without new resources and technology, the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century would not have led to the rise of new industries and the growth of cities.

Without은 가정법으로 쓰일 때 <without ~, 주어+would …>의 구조를 가지며, if it had not been for 또는 but for로 바꿔 쓸 수 있다.

lead to는 ‘~에 이어지다, ~ 에 이르다’라는 뜻이다.

Now, it seems that space is the latest frontier for entrepreneurs to explore.

it seems that space is는 Space seems to be로 바꿔 쓸 수 있다.

for entrepreneurs는 to부정사인 to explore의 의미상 주어이고, to explore는 형용사적 용법으로 앞에 있는 the latest frontier를 수식한다.