Hobbies Are Modern Activities
Paragraph 1
Nowadays, everybody has a hobby they like to do in their free time.
In the past, though, this probably wasn’t true because most people had to work long hours in
agriculture or manufacturing, so free time must have been hard to come by.
However, the Industrial Revolution and the labor movement that followed it led to a
gradual decrease in working hours to eight-hour work days and five-day work weeks.
For the first time in history, a majority of people had free time to enjoy activities that they found meaningful outside of work: hobbies.
In the past, though, this probably wasn’t true because most people had to work long hours in agriculture
or manufacturing, so free time must have been hard to come by.
「must have+과거분사(p.p., past participle)」는 조동사의 과거형으로, ‘~했음에 틀림없다’라는 뜻이며 과거의 사실에 대한 강한 추측을 나타낸다.
For the first time in history, a majority of people had free time to enjoy activities
that they found meaningful outside of work: hobbies.
「a majority of+복수 명사」는 복수로 취급한다.
that they ... of work는 선행사인 activities를 수식하는 관계절이다.
meaningful은 동사 found의 목적격 보어이다.