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Let me start by asking you a question.

Have you ever asked yourself whether you made a good impression on someone you just met?

In fact, most people believe they make a worse impression than they actually do.

Researchers performed an experiment where
students were paired up for five-minute ice breaking conversations.

They were then asked to rate how much they liked their partners.

Additionally, researchers asked participants if they thought their partners liked them.

Most participants’ estimations of their partners’ responses were pessimistic, which were opposite to the real responses.

It turns out that participants do not make bad impressions but make better impressions than they think.

Have you ever asked yourself whether you made a good impression on someone you just met?

whether you made a good impression on someone you just met은 asked의 직접목적어인 명사절로, whether는 ‘~인지’의 의미를 나타내는 접속사이다. you just met은 someone을 수식하는 관계절로, 목적격 관계대명사가 생략되었다.

In fact, most people believe they make a worse impression than they actually do.

they make a worse impression than they actually do는 believe의 목적어인 명사절로, 접속사 that이 생략되었다. 반복되는 동사 make 대신 대동사 do가 사용되었다.

Additionally, researchers asked participants if they thought their partners liked them.

if they thought their partners liked them은 asked의 직접목적어인 명사절로 if는 ‘~인지’의 의미를 나타내는 접속사이다. their partners liked them은 thought의 목적어인 명사절로, 접속사 that은 생략되었다.

Most participants’ estimations of their partners’ responses were pessimistic, which were opposite to the real responses.

Most participants’ estimations of their partners’ responses는 문장의 주어 역할을 하는 명사구로, 주어의 핵이 복수형 명사인 estimations이므로 술어동사는 were가 쓰였다. which were opposite to the real responses는 Most participants’ estimations of their partners’ responses를 부가적으로 설명하는 관계절이다.

It turns out that participants do not make bad impressions but make better impressions than they think.

It은 형식상의 주어이고 that 이하가 내용상의 주어이다. ‘A가 아니라 B’의 뜻인 not A but B 구조가 사용되어 make bad impressions와 make better impressions than they think가 but으로 대등하게 연결되어 있다.